Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS

What is PCOS?

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal condition that affects many women of reproductive age. It usually begins during adolescence and often causes fluctuating symptoms over time.

What are the Symptoms of PCOS?

Irregular Periods: Women with PCOS frequently experience irregular or absent menstrual cycles due to infrequent ovulation.
Excess Androgens: Elevated levels of “male” hormones (androgens) can lead to physical signs such as excessive facial or body hair (hirsutism).
Polycystic Ovaries: Despite the name, PCOS does not necessarily involve cysts. Instead, the ovaries may become enlarged and contain many fluid-filled sacs (follicles) that surround the eggs.
Other symptoms of PCOS may include weight gain, thinning hair, acne, and oily skin.
PCOS is also associated with an increased risk of developing health problems later in life, such as type 2 diabetes and high cholesterol levels.

Causes:

The exact cause of PCOS remains unknown, but it often tends runs in families.
Abnormal hormone levels play a major role, including insulin resistance. Many women with PCOS are resistant to insulin action and produce higher insulin levels, contributing to increased androgen production (like testosterone).
Being overweight or obese can exacerbate insulin-related issues.

Diagnosis:

There is no definitive diagnostic test for PCOS.
Doctors need to consider medical history, you may require physical examination, and hormone tests.
Ultrasound may help in order to assess the appearance of the ovaries and the thickness of the uterine lining.

Treatment:

While there is no cure for PCOS most of the symptoms can be managed.
Lifestyle changes, including weight loss and a balanced diet, can help improve the symptoms.
Some medications are available to address the excessive hair growth, irregular periods, and fertility problems.
Surgical procedures like laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) may be recommended if fertility medicines are ineffective. LOD destroys tissue in the ovaries which produce androgens.

Outlook:

With the proper treatment, most women with PCOS are able to achieve better symptom control and manage their condition.
Early diagnosis and management are crucial in order to prevent long-term complications.

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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS

What is PCOS?

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